Oil burner



A. H. PAPE Sept. 12, 1939.

OIL BURNER Filed June 11', 1957 w 2 J 3 6, 3 m 6 H. 0 LA I a. 7 L a /A\- O y 2 n J 6 Z. m J 2 F a 2 a being of substantially Patented Sept. 12, 1939 OIL BURNER August H. Pane, Kentfield, Calif. Application June 11, 1937, Serial No. 147,717

11 Claims.

This invention relates to and has for an ob- .iect the provision or a small, compact and inexpensive oil burner so constructed and relatively arranged as to provide for a most efiicient burner operation under low heat adjustments as well as high heat adjustments, and with a low grade fuel such as Diesel oil.

Another object of this invention is to provide an oil burner of the character described, which will provide for a nicety of regulation of heat generatedthereby, produce little or no smoke and operate in a comparatively economical manner with low grade fuels.

A further object is to provide an oil burner of the character described, which includes novel means for uniformly feeding fuel to the ignition chamber thereof, without waste and under minute control over a wide range of adjustments.

An additional object is to provide an oil burner of the character described, which includes anovel means for regulating the entrance of air into the burner whereby to more eflectively control the operation of the burner.

I have shown in the accompanying drawing a preferred form of an oil burner embodying my invention, subject, however, to modification, Within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Referring to the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a section of the burner of this invention, taken on the plane of line of Fig. 2, with certain parts broken away for the sake of clarity of illustration,

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of line 2-2 of Fig. l, and

Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view taken on the plane of line 33 of Fig. 1.

One embodiment of the oil burner of this invention, as shown in the accompanying drawing, comprises a burner housing consisting of upper and lower sections 4 and 5 held together by means of screws 6 and forming a substantially rectangular enclosure open at both ends. The bottom wall of the lower form of a bowl or pan 1, having an upwardly and outwardly inclined arcuate side wall 8 and duck-bill shape, for directing the flames forwardly and upwardly therefrom.

Removably mounted within the housing is a taken on the plane substantially rectangular ignition chamber 9 open at both ends and adapted/to have oil supplied thereto from oil feed means In. As here shown, the means HI comprises a feed pipe connect d with a 9 O PP Y OI section 5 is extended in the pivoted handle shown, and which discharges past a control valve I2 into a fitting l3 supporting a feed wire H. The fitting 3 has a bore IS in greater diameter than that of the wire and which communicates with the pipe H the upper portion of the fitting I3 is in close frictional engagement with the wire so that the latter may be adjusted vertically in the fitting and will remain in position of adjustment. The

through a passage it. However 5 wires are provided with a lateral handle portion I1. Fuel discharging into the bore l5 will gravitate on the wire l4 into the burner, there being an opening I 8 in the upper side of the housing through which said wire extends and a similar opening I 9 in the upper wall of the ignition chamber 9, As shown in Fig. 2, the lower end of the wire it engages in a centering depression 20 formed in ignition chamber. Beneath the cup 2| is a similar but larger cup 22 which is adapted to catch the overflow of fuel from cup 2|. Unlike cup 2| which is closed at one end and open at the other to prevent an air draft through it, the cup 22 is open at both ends to permit the atmospheric air to pass between said cups and commingle with fuel and vapors discharging from the open end of cup 2| in the operation of the burner. Beneath the cup 2| is an air passage 23 extending the full length of the ignition chamber and it will be noted that the inner or discharge end of said chamber is restricted by turning up the end 24 of the bottom wall thereof. The housing 4 is provided at the inner end thereof with spaced flanges or baiiies 25 and 26.

The passage of air between the housing and ignition chamber to support combustion at the outlet end of said chamber is regulated by means of plate valves 21 and 28 pivoted as at 29 to the housing close to opposite. sides of the ignition chamber. The free ends of the valves are adapted to be moved into and out of engagement with the side walls of the housing. It is noted that the ignition chamber is fitted within the housing so that air passages are provided on opposite sides thereof only, and the valves 21 and 28 act as dampers for controlling the flow of air through said passages. These valves may be adjusted by means of a lever 30 connected by links 3| and 32 with the valves and operated by means of a 33, one end of which is extended out of the housing. In Fig. 1 the valves 21 and 28 are shown in full lines as when closed and in dotted lines as when open.

The top wall of the upper section 4 of the housing is inwardly oflset as at 34, so-as to cona fuel cup 2| provided within the liquid fuel in tact the upper wall of the ignition chamber as shown in Fig. 2, whereas the remainder of said upper wall is spaced from the ignition chamber to accommodate the means for operating the valves 21 and 28. The bottom floor wall of said ignition chamber rests on the corresponding wall of the lower section I. The lower section 5 is provided with an upstanding flange 38 at the intake end of the housing, to prevent the chamber 8 from sliding out of the housing and also retain said section. It will, be seen that the chamber 8 may be readily lifted above this flange for removal thereof and similarly lifted when inserted in place within the housing.

In the operation of the burner of this invention, the valve i2 is open as desired, and the fuel will run through the assage it into the bore l5 and gravitate down the wire ll into the cup 2i. If desired, this wire may be vertically adjusted suflicientlyto visually determine the rate of flow as shown in Fig. 3. Furthermore, this member is lifted in this manner when placing or removing the ignition chamber. A suitable wick, not shown, saturated with fuel, is placed in the cup burner. As soon as the burner becomes the fuel therein will gasify and flames, as indicated in Fig. 2,, will be directed forwardly and upwardly from the burner. The ignition or burning of the fuel takes place substantially at the forward edges of the cups 2| and 22. The closing of the outer end of cup prevents an air draft over the top thereof will therefor give off a rich-fuel vapor at the open end thereof when heated by the flame from said wick or otherwise.

It will be seen that the air to support combustion will pass'through the space 23 in the ignition chamber and also through the space between the cups 2i and 22, and if the valves 21 and 28 are open, the two air passages on opposite sides of said ignition chamber will conduct atmospheric air to a point adjacent to the discharge end of the ignition chamber. incoming air is deflected by the flanges 25 and 28. It will be noted that the discharge end of the ignition chamber is spaced slightly inwardly from the discharging end of the housing to accommodate the introduction of atmospheric air at such points. Upon closing these valves 21 and 28, atmospheric air enters the burner through the ignition chamber passages only. It will thus 28 provide for regulation of the burner under a low or intense heat over a wide range of adjustment. By adjusting the valve 12 the burner may be further regulated as to the amount of fuel fed thereto and also the intensity of the heat generated thereby. It is important to note that the bore i5 being of a predetermined size relative to the diameter of the wire ll will cause a predetermined amount of fuel to flow at a more or less given rate into the burner, so that no overflow or waste of the fuel will take place and only that amount necessary to produce a flame of predetermined maximum intensity will be fed to the burner, regardless of. adjustment of the valve l2.

It is important to note that the particular method of feeding fuel in accordance with this invention, and the especially constructed ignition chamber provide for thorough combustion of low grade fuel with a minimum of smoke, while adjusted for low heat as' well as high heat, and throughout the entire range of adjustment between the limits thereof. It should also be noted that the valves 21 and 28 will act as a centering means for the ignition chamber relative to the housing, this centering being also contributing by the screws or fastenings 8 between which, said chamber extends.

The burner parts are constructed of comparatively heavy metal and are connected so that the heat generated by the burner will be more effected for gasiiying the fuel. The burner of this invention is subject to ready installation in stoves, furnaces, and is otherwise applicable to all uses of oil burners in a particularly efflcacious manner, the efficiency of the burner being aided by the draft created by the equipment in which it is used and the construction of the burner renders this draft effective to introduce atmospheric air and cause g'asiflcation of the fuel without the aid of blowers-pressure means, or fuel atomizing means of any kind whatsoever.

The lower wall of the ignition chamber 8 is also upturned as at 24', so that said wall constitutes in effect a third cup. With this arrangement the chamber consists of a plurality of superposed spaced cups aflording between the lowermost thereof, air passages, each cup being longer than the other from the upper to the lower end thereof.

It should be noted that the draft of air passing through the chamber 8 will cause fuel vapors to be drawn from the cups 2!, 22, and also from the bottom wall of the chamber. Should this draft be excessive it may be reduced by opening the valves 21 and 28 and allowing some of the air to pass between the sides of the chamber and housing. vThus it is seen that the valves 21 and 28 will provide for an effective adjustment of the burner to cause it to operate in the desired manner in various installations and particularly under low heat adjustments although high heats may also be produced. The fuel cup 2| in being closed at one end prevents air from flowing over the top of the cup. Thus the vapors given off at the open end of the cup are comparatively ,rich and .become admixed with air passing between cups 2! and 22..

I claim:

1. An oil burner comprising a housing open at its ends, an ignition chamber open at both ends and mounted within the housing and deflning a passage for atmospheric air between it and said housing, a valve means for controlling the flow of air through said passage and means for introducing fuel into said chamber.

2. An oil burner comprising a housing open at its ends, an ignition chamber open at both ends and mounted within and defining between it and said housing a passage for atmospheric air, superposed fuel cups mounted within said ignition chamber and arranged so as to successively overflow one into the other from the uppermost to the lowermost thereof, means for introducing fuel into the uppermost cup, and valve means for controlling the flow of air through said passage.

3. An oil burner comprising a housing open at its ends, an ignition chamber within the housing, spaced therefrom to define a passage for atmospheric air through said housing and being open at both ends, a fuel cup mounted within said ignition chamber, means for introducing fuel into said cup, including a wire extending into said cup, and means for feeding fuel onto said re. a

4. An oil burner comprising a housing open at both ends, an ignition chamber removably mounted within and defining between it and the housing passages for atmospheric air, valves for controlling the passage of air through said passages, said ignition chamber being open at both ends and having one end spaced inwardly from an end of said housing, and means for introducing fuel into said ignition chamber.

5. An oil burner comprising a housing open at both ends, an ignition chamber removably mounted within and engaged with said housing to define therebetween passages for atmospheric air, valves for controlling the passage of air through said passages, said ignition chamber being open at both ends for the passage of air therethrough and the discharge of products of combustion and fuel vapors therefrom, and means for introducing fuel into said combustion chamber, said housing having the lower wall thereof extended in the form of a bowl to deflect products of combustion upwardly from one open end thereof.

6. An oil burner comprising a housing open at both ends, an ignition chamber mounted within and engaged with said housing to define therebetween a passage for atmospheric air, valve means for-controlling the passage of air through said passage, said ignition chamber being open at both ends, a fuel cup in said chamber, and means for introducing fuel into said cup, said cup being closed on one side to prevent the passage of air over the upper side thereof and being open on its opposite side to permit discharge of fuel.

'7. An oil burner comprising elongated housing open at both ends for the passage of atmospheric air therethrough, an elongated ignition chamber open at both ends and mounted within said housing and spaced therefrom to define air passages therebetween, valve means for controlling said air passages, means for operating said valves including a lever extending outwardly from one end of the housing, a fuel cup provided interiorly of said chamber adjacent the air intake end of the latter, a closure for that portion of the intake end of the housing which lies above said cup, said housing having an opening therein and a fuel feed wire extended through said opening into said cup, and means for depositing fuel on said wire including a valve controlling the feed of fuel to said wire.

8. In an oil burner, a housing open at both ends, an ignition chamber open at both ends and mounted within said housing so as-to define air passages between it and said housing, a plurality of fuel cups spaced one above the other in said chamber, means partially closing 'one end of said chamber to prevent the passage of air over the open side of the uppermost cup, valve means within said passages for controlling the passage of air therethrough, and means for feeding fuel into the uppermost cup.

9. In an oil burner, a housing open at both ends, an ignition chamber open at both ends and mounted within said housing so as to define air passages between it and said housing, a plurality of fuel cups spaced one above the other in said chamber, means partially closing one end of said chamber to prevent the passage of air over the open side of the uppermost cup, valve means disposed within and between the ends of said housing for controlling the flow of air through said passages, and means for feeding fuel into the uppermost cup, each cup having one end extended outwardly beyond the end of the cup above it.

10. An oil burner comprising an elongated housing open at its ends, an elongated ignition chamber open at both ends and mounted in said chamber with certain walls in contact with walls of the housing opposite thereto and other walls spaced from the housing walls opposite thereto to define air passages, valves operable in and for controlling said passages, said chamber having one end spaced inwardly from an adjacent end of the housing, flanges on said housing for directing the air from said passages towards said end of said chamber, and means for introducing liquid fuel into said chamber.

11. An oil burner comprising an elongated housing open at its ends, an elongated ignition chamber open at both ends and mounted in said chamber with certain walls in contact with walls of the housing opposite thereto and other walls spaced from the housing walls opposite thereto to define air passages, valves operable in and for controlling said passages, said chamber having one end spaced inwardly from an adjacent end of the housing, flanges on said housing for directing the air from said passages towards said end of said chamber, and means for introducing liquid fuel into said chamber, a fuel cup in said chamber below the plane of the upper wall thereof for receiving fuel from said feed means, and means closing that portion of one end of said chamber which lies above the plane of the cup.

AUGUST H. PAPE- 

